docs: add "Creating Composer Packages"

user_guide_src/source/extending/composer_packages.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,193 @@
+##########################
+Creating Composer Packages
+##########################
+
+You can make the :doc:`../general/modules` you create into Composer packages,
+or can create a Composer package for CodeIgniter 4.
+
+.. contents::
+    :local:
+    :depth: 2
+
+****************
+Folder Structure
+****************
+
+Here's a typical directory structure for a Composer package::
+
+    your-package-name/
+    ├── .gitattributes
+    ├── .gitignore
+    ├── LICENSE
+    ├── README.md
+    ├── composer.json
+    ├── src/
+    │   └── YourClass.php
+    └── tests/
+        └── YourClassTest.php
+
+**********************
+Creating composer.json
+**********************
+
+In the root of your package directory, create a **composer.json** file. This file
+defines metadata about your package and its dependencies.
+
+The ``composer init`` command helps you create it.
+
+For example, **composer.json** might look like this::
+
+    {
+        "name": "your-vendor/your-package",
+        "description": "Your package description",
+        "type": "library",
+        "license": "MIT",
+        "autoload": {
+            "psr-4": {
+                "YourVendor\\YourPackage\\": "src/"
+            }
+        },
+        "authors": [
+            {
+                "name": "Your Name",
+                "email": "[email protected]"
+            }
+        ],
+        "require": {
+            // Any dependencies required by your package go here
+        },
+        "require-dev": {
+            // Any development dependencies (e.g., PHPUnit) go here
+        }
+    }
+
+Package Name
+============
+
+The ``name`` field is important here. Package names are generally written in the
+format "vendor-name/package-name" with all lowercase. Here is a common example:
+
+- ``your-vendor-name``: The name that identifies the vendor (creator of the package),
+  such as your name or your organization.
+- ``your-package-name``: The name of the package you are creating.
+
+Thus, it is important to make the name unique to distinguish it from other packages.
+Uniqueness is especially important when publishing.
+
+Namespace
+=========
+
+The package name then determines the vendor namespace in ``autoload.psr4``.
+
+If your package name is ``your-vendor/your-package``, the vendor namespace must
+be ``YourVendor``. So you would write like the following::
+
+    "autoload": {
+        "psr-4": {
+            "YourVendor\\YourPackage\\": "src/"
+        }
+    },
+
+This setting instructs Composer to autoload the source code for your package.
+
+***************************
+Preparing Development Tools
+***************************
+
+There are many tools that help ensure quality code. So you should use them.
+You can easily install and configure such tools with
+`CodeIgniter DevKit <https://github.com/codeigniter4/devkit>`_.
+
+Installing DevKit
+=================
+
+In the root of your package directory, run the following commands:
+
+.. code-block:: console
+
+    composer config minimum-stability dev
+    composer config prefer-stable true
+    composer require --dev codeigniter4/devkit
+
+The DevKit installs various Composer packages that helps your development, and
+installs templates for them in **vendor/codeigniter4/devkit/src/Template**.
+Copy the files in it to your project root folder, and edit them for your needs.
+
+Configuring Coding Standards Fixer
+==================================
+
+DevKit provides Coding Standards Fixer with
+`CodeIgniter Coding Standard <https://github.com/CodeIgniter/coding-standard>`_
+based on `PHP-CS-Fixer <https://github.com/PHP-CS-Fixer/PHP-CS-Fixer>`_.
+
+Copy **vendor/codeigniter4/devkit/src/Template/.php-cs-fixer.dist.php** to your
+project root folder.
+
+Create the **build** folder for the cache file::
+
+    your-package-name/
+    ├── .php-cs-fixer.dist.php
+    ├── build/
+
+Open **.php-cs-fixer.dist.php** in your editor, and fix the folder path::
+
+    --- a/.php-cs-fixer.dist.php
+    +++ b/.php-cs-fixer.dist.php
+    @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ use PhpCsFixer\Finder;
+     $finder = Finder::create()
+         ->files()
+         ->in([
+    -        __DIR__ . '/app/',
+    +        __DIR__ . '/src/',
+             __DIR__ . '/tests/',
+         ])
+         ->exclude([
+
+That't it. Now you can run Coding Standards Fixer::
+
+    > vendor/bin/php-cs-fixer fix --ansi --verbose --diff
+
+If you add ``scripts.cs-fix`` in your **composer.json**, you can run it with
+``composer cs-fix`` command::
+
+    {
+        // ...
+        },
+        "scripts": {
+            "cs-fix": "php-cs-fixer fix --ansi --verbose --diff"
+        }
+    }
+
+************
+Config Files
+************
+
+Allowing Users to Override Settings
+===================================
+
+If your package has a configuration file and you want users to be able to override
+the settings, use :php:func:`config()` with the short classname like ``config('YourConfig')``
+to call the configuration file.
+
+Users can then override the package configuration by placing a configuration class
+with the same short classname in **app/Config** that extends the package Config
+class like ``YourVendor\YourPackage\Config\YourConfig``.
+
+Overriding Settings in app/Config
+=================================
+
+If you need to override or add to known configurations in the **app/Config** folder,
+you can use :ref:`Implicit Registrars <registrars>`.
+
+**********
+References
+**********
+
+We have published some official packages. You can use these packages as references
+when creating your own packages:
+
+- https://github.com/codeigniter4/shield
+- https://github.com/codeigniter4/settings
+- https://github.com/codeigniter4/tasks
+- https://github.com/codeigniter4/cache
+

user_guide_src/source/extending/index.rst

@@ -12,4 +12,5 @@ CodeIgniter 4 has been designed to be easy to extend or build upon.
     events
     basecontroller
     authentication
+    composer_packages
     contributing

user_guide_src/source/general/modules.rst

@@ -3,10 +3,14 @@ Code Modules
 ############
 
 CodeIgniter supports a form of code modularization to help you create reusable code. Modules are typically
-centered around a specific subject, and can be thought of as mini-applications within your larger application. Any
+centered around a specific subject, and can be thought of as mini-applications within your larger application.
+
+Any
 of the standard file types within the framework are supported, like controllers, models, views, config files, helpers,
 language files, etc. Modules may contain as few, or as many, of these as you like.
 
+If you want to create a module as a Composer package, see also :doc:`../extending/composer_packages`.
+
 .. contents::
     :local:
     :depth: 2