feat(calendar): support specifying timezone in ng-model-options

[Splaktar]

PR Checklist

Please check that your PR fulfills the following requirements:

• The commit message follows our guidelines
• Tests for the changes have been added or this is not a bug fix / enhancement
• Docs have been added, updated, or were not required

PR Type

What kind of change does this PR introduce?

[ ] Bugfix
[x] Enhancement
[ ] Documentation content changes
[ ] Code style update (formatting, local variables)
[ ] Refactoring (no functional changes, no api changes)
[ ] Build related changes
[ ] CI related changes
[ ] Infrastructure changes
[ ] Other... Please describe:

What is the current behavior?

For a case like

<md-calendar ng-model="calendarDate" ng-model-options="{timezone: 'UTC'}"></md-calendar>

A binding like {{calendarDate|date:"dd/MMMM/yyyy HH:mm Z":"UTC"}} should give you a midnight-aligned date in the UTC timezone. However, it does not. This is inconsistent with the md-datepicker.

Issue Number:
Fixes #10431

What is the new behavior?

• support specifying timezone in ng-model-options
• remove calls to focusAfterAppend.focus() from both monthBody and yearBody
  • as these were breaking initial scrolling in day mode and selection in month mode
• fix cases where functions were being called with string or timestamp arguments
  • when they only accepted Date arguments
• add event types when calling $setViewValue()
• rename CalendarCtrl.focus() to CalendarCtrl.focusDate() to be more clear
  • and to avoid conflicts when analyzing code
• fix a number of JSDoc issues with types
• remove special initialization code from Calendar
  • it was working around Virtual repeat not scrolling to the top index on load #8585, which is now fixed

Does this PR introduce a breaking change?

[ ] Yes
[x] No

Other information

This issue and fix are blocking a related issue regarding the integration of md-datepicker and md-calendar: #10598

[mmalerba]

LGTM