fix(config): tighten rule loader/use typings

[kyungilcho]

Summary

Tightens the RuleSetRule typing around loader, use, and top-level options so invalid shorthand combinations are rejected at type-check time.

It also stops mutating rule.use in the adapter and adds a type regression test to lock the behavior in.

Related links

Closes #10278

Checklist

• Tests updated (or not required).
• Documentation updated (or not required).

[codspeed-hq]

Merging this PR will not alter performance

🎉 Hooray! codspeed-node just leveled up to 5.2.0!

A heads-up, this is a breaking change and it might affect your current performance baseline a bit. But here's the exciting part - it's packed with new, cool features and promises improved result stability 🥳!
Curious about what's new? Visit our releases page to delve into all the awesome details about this new version.

✅ 9 untouched benchmarks
⏩ 25 skipped benchmarks¹

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_{Comparing kyungilcho:codex/fix-rule-loader-types (3220af0) with main (155a73e)}

Footnotes

1. 25 benchmarks were skipped, so the baseline results were used instead. If they were deleted from the codebase, click here and archive them to remove them from the performance reports. ↩