Restrict environment keys for ImageMath.eval()

[aostrowski-hbn]

Prevent environment keys matching the names of builtins and keys containing double underscores from being passed to ImageMath.eval(), by raising a ValueError.

This is a cherry-pick of python-pillow#7655 to fix CVE-2023-50447 in Pillow-SIMD. Pillow only fixed it in 10.x, but Pillow-SIMD doesn't have that release yet so it's vulnerable. This commit solves that issue.

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[homm]

Thanks for contribution, but it isn't the right place for it:

Please submit bugs and improvements not related to SIMD to the original Pillow.

[aostrowski-hbn]

Hey @homm, the issue is already fixed in original Pillow, but until Pillow-SIMD upgrades to 10.2+ it will be vulnerable.

We're waiting for Pillow-SIMD 10.2+ for quite a while now. Please reconsider this PR if the release won't happen soon to keep your users secured.

[homm]

First of all, I apologize for the misunderstanding. Unfortunately, my answer remains the same for several reasons. First, this involves a Pillow API change, and I aim to maintain 100% backward compatibility within the same versions. Second, I don’t see how this vulnerability can be exploited without writing Python code — and if you can write Python code, you don't need eval for that. Third, all Pillow versions have bugs that need patching for production use, so you'd likely install Pillow from a GitHub branch (as we do). You can apply this patch in your production branch if it really affects you.