Bugfix/605 IndexError if check raises Exception without args

[jeffzi]

Pandera raises an IndexError during validation if a check raises an Exception that does not have arguments (typically a message). fixes #605

The cause was the following snippet which assumes an exception always has arguments:
https://github.com/pandera-dev/pandera/blob/84ea3c227e638fe36b9e90cbfc5b5632638d4a57/pandera/schemas.py#L1789-L1792

I also appended a traceback in the SchemaError to help users debugging their check (if lazy=False). Let me know if you think that's overkill :)

Example:

import pandas as pd
import pandera as pa


def fail_without_msg(s):
    raise ValueError()


schema = pa.DataFrameSchema(
    {
        "fail": pa.Column(int, pa.Check(fail_without_msg)),
    }
)

schema.validate(pd.DataFrame({"fail": [0]}))
#> Traceback (most recent call last):
#> /tmp/ipykernel_322026/2037979856.py in <module>
#> ----> 1 schema.validate(pd.DataFrame({"fail": [0]}))
#> ...
#> SchemaError: Error while executing check function: ValueError()
#> Traceback (most recent call last):
#>   File "/home/jeffzi/Projects/dev/pandera/pandera/schemas.py", line 1860, in validate
#>     _handle_check_results(
#>   File "/home/jeffzi/Projects/dev/pandera/pandera/schemas.py", line 2179, in _handle_check_results
#>     check_result = check(check_obj, *check_args)
#>   File "/home/jeffzi/Projects/dev/pandera/pandera/checks.py", line 397, in __call__
#>     check_output = check_fn(check_obj)
#>   File "/tmp/ipykernel_322026/35140900.py", line 2, in fail_without_msg
#>     raise ValueError()
#> ValueError

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Merging #613 (4ff3b30) into dev (bd0d295) will increase coverage by 0.00%.
The diff coverage is 100.00%.

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##              dev     #613   +/-   ##
=======================================
  Coverage   98.84%   98.84%           
=======================================
  Files          29       29           
  Lines        3380     3382    +2     
=======================================
+ Hits         3341     3343    +2     
  Misses         39       39           

Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
pandera/schemas.py	99.47% <100.00%> (+<0.01%)	⬆️

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[cosmicBboy]

thanks!