Fix sip 031 test flakiness and refactoring of base types and functions

[rdeioris]

Description

This patch fixes potential flakiness in sip-031 related integration tests (caused by the usage of get_latest_block_proposal instead of test_observer::get_blocks()) and moves the basic sip-031-related types and functions from stackslib to stacks-common

Applicable issues

• fixes [Refactor] move SIP-031 coinbase code alongside that of SIP-029 #6327

Additional info (benefits, drawbacks, caveats)

Checklist

• Test coverage for new or modified code paths
• Changelog is updated
• Required documentation changes (e.g., docs/rpc/openapi.yaml and rpc-endpoints.md for v2 endpoints, event-dispatcher.md for new events)
• New clarity functions have corresponding PR in clarity-benchmarking repo
• New integration test(s) added to bitcoin-tests.yml

[jferrant]

miner_constructs_replay_block is broken on develop. Hangs forever. So do not think this is a problem with this PR. I also see it failing on other PRs.

[obycode]

lgtm!

[codecov]

Codecov Report

❌ Patch coverage is 6.87500% with 149 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.
✅ Project coverage is 73.84%. Comparing base (3ece8b5) to head (8fa1399).
⚠️ Report is 6 commits behind head on develop.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
stacks-common/src/types/mod.rs	10.37%	95 Missing ⚠️
stacks-node/src/tests/nakamoto_integrations.rs	0.00%	54 Missing ⚠️

❌ Your project status has failed because the head coverage (73.84%) is below the target coverage (80.00%). You can increase the head coverage or adjust the target coverage.

Additional details and impacted files

@@             Coverage Diff             @@
##           develop    #6336      +/-   ##
===========================================
+ Coverage    65.36%   73.84%   +8.47%     
===========================================
  Files          552      552              
  Lines       351502   351531      +29     
===========================================
+ Hits        229768   259575   +29807     
+ Misses      121734    91956   -29778     

Files with missing lines	Coverage Δ
stackslib/src/chainstate/nakamoto/mod.rs	79.31% <ø> (+0.33%)	⬆️
stacks-node/src/tests/nakamoto_integrations.rs	35.44% <0.00%> (-22.13%)	⬇️
stacks-common/src/types/mod.rs	74.90% <10.37%> (-15.26%)	⬇️

... and 387 files with indirect coverage changes

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