Windows Docker / nanoserver support

[structurefall]

Everybody's going to love this one. I assure you, I have a good reason for wanting this!

I have a Python 3.10.11 install running on a Windows Docker nanoserver ltsc2022 image.

After installing pillow 10.4.0 via pip, doing import Image from PIL results in the following:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\app\__init__.py", line 3, in <module>
    from PIL import Image
  File "C:\Python\Lib\site-packages\PIL\Image.py", line 100, in <module>
    from . import _imaging as core
ImportError: DLL load failed while importing _imaging: The specified procedure could not be found.

It appears to work on a servercore image, so that's the workaround, but this is onerous for us, so I'd like to know what the specific dependency is in the hopes of installing just that on a nanoserver image.

Thanks!

[Yay295]

Possibly related to #2479.

[Yay295]

I've also seen mention that nano servers may just not have the functionality to do this, though I'm not sure exactly what is missing. It's unfortunate that the error message doesn't say which DLL it failed to load.

[nulano]

It appears to work on a servercore image, so that's the workaround, but this is onerous for us, so I'd like to know what the specific dependency is in the hopes of installing just that on a nanoserver image.

Yes, we test released wheels using the servercore image:

Pillow/.github/workflows/wheels.yml

Lines 217 to 223 in f8a9a18

	CIBW_TEST_COMMAND: 'docker run --rm
	-v {project}:C:\pillow
	-v C:\cibw:C:\cibw
	-v %CD%\..\venv-test:%CD%\..\venv-test
	-e CI -e GITHUB_ACTIONS
	mcr.microsoft.com/windows/servercore:ltsc2022
	powershell C:\pillow\.github\workflows\wheels-test.ps1 %CD%\..\venv-test'

It is likely that I tested nanoserver when adding this and rejected it due to this error.

The error message "The specified procedure could not be found" is different from the usual "The specified module could not be found", so I'm not sure that you'll just be able to add a dependency. Your error says that a DLL dependency was found, but does not contain all of the required functions.

Nevertheless, I'll take a look with Dependency Walker.

[nulano]

The following dependencies are listed with Dependencies:

C:\Users\Nulano\Downloads\Dependencies_x64_Release> Dependencies.exe -depth 1 -modules C:\Users\Nulano\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python311\site-packages\pil\_imaging.cp311-win_amd64.pyd
[ROOT] _imaging.cp311-win_amd64.pyd : C:\Users\Nulano\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python311\site-packages\pil\_imaging.cp311-win_amd64.pyd
[ApiSetSchema] api-ms-win-crt-heap-l1-1-0.dll : C:\Windows\system32\ucrtbase.dll
[ApiSetSchema] api-ms-win-crt-stdio-l1-1-0.dll : C:\Windows\system32\ucrtbase.dll
[ApiSetSchema] api-ms-win-crt-string-l1-1-0.dll : C:\Windows\system32\ucrtbase.dll
[ApiSetSchema] api-ms-win-crt-runtime-l1-1-0.dll : C:\Windows\system32\ucrtbase.dll
[ApiSetSchema] api-ms-win-crt-math-l1-1-0.dll : C:\Windows\system32\ucrtbase.dll
[ApiSetSchema] api-ms-win-crt-utility-l1-1-0.dll : C:\Windows\system32\ucrtbase.dll
[ApiSetSchema] api-ms-win-crt-convert-l1-1-0.dll : C:\Windows\system32\ucrtbase.dll
[ApiSetSchema] api-ms-win-crt-environment-l1-1-0.dll : C:\Windows\system32\ucrtbase.dll
[WellKnownDlls] KERNEL32.dll : C:\Windows\system32\kernel32.dll
[WellKnownDlls] USER32.dll : C:\Windows\system32\user32.dll
[WellKnownDlls] GDI32.dll : C:\Windows\system32\gdi32.dll
[WindowsFolder] VCRUNTIME140.dll : C:\Windows\system32\VCRUNTIME140.dll
[NOT_FOUND] python311.dll :

Full list of imported symbols (click to expand)

C:\Users\Nulano\Downloads\Dependencies_x64_Release>Dependencies.exe -depth 1 -imports C:\Users\Nulano\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python311\site-packages\pil\_imaging.cp311-win_amd64.pyd
[-] Import listing for file : C:\Users\Nulano\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python311\site-packages\pil\_imaging.cp311-win_amd64.pyd
Import from module KERNEL32.dll :
         Function SetEvent
         Function WaitForSingleObject
         Function CreateEventA
         Function TlsAlloc
         Function TlsGetValue
         Function TlsSetValue
         Function GetSystemInfo
         Function RtlCaptureContext
         Function RtlLookupFunctionEntry
         Function RtlVirtualUnwind
         Function UnhandledExceptionFilter
         Function SetUnhandledExceptionFilter
         Function GetCurrentProcess
         Function TerminateProcess
         Function IsProcessorFeaturePresent
         Function InitializeCriticalSectionAndSpinCount
         Function GetCurrentProcessId
         Function GetCurrentThreadId
         Function GetSystemTimeAsFileTime
         Function DisableThreadLibraryCalls
         Function InitializeSListHead
         Function IsDebuggerPresent
         Function InitializeCriticalSectionEx
         Function InitializeConditionVariable
         Function WakeConditionVariable
         Function SleepConditionVariableCS
         Function WaitForSingleObjectEx
         Function SetThreadPriority
         Function DeleteCriticalSection
         Function LeaveCriticalSection
         Function EnterCriticalSection
         Function CreateFileMappingA
         Function UnmapViewOfFile
         Function MapViewOfFile
         Function GetLastError
         Function CloseHandle
         Function WriteFile
         Function SetFilePointer
         Function ReadFile
         Function GetFileSizeEx
         Function GlobalUnlock
         Function FreeLibrary
         Function GlobalLock
         Function GetProcAddress
         Function LoadLibraryA
         Function GetModuleHandleA
         Function GlobalSize
         Function Sleep
         Function QueryPerformanceCounter
Import from module USER32.dll :
         Function GetMessageA
         Function DispatchMessageA
         Function GetWindowRect
         Function EndPaint
         Function BeginPaint
         Function LoadCursorA
         Function GetDC
         Function FillRect
         Function GetSystemMetrics
         Function ShowWindow
         Function OpenClipboard
         Function CloseClipboard
         Function EnumClipboardFormats
         Function RegisterClassA
         Function DefWindowProcA
         Function CreateWindowExA
         Function TranslateMessage
         Function GetClipboardData
         Function LoadIconA
         Function GetWindowLongPtrA
         Function SetWindowLongPtrA
         Function SetForegroundWindow
         Function InvalidateRect
         Function RegisterClipboardFormatA
         Function ReleaseDC
Import from module GDI32.dll :
         Function CreatePalette
         Function GetSystemPaletteEntries
         Function SelectPalette
         Function BitBlt
         Function CreateCompatibleBitmap
         Function SelectObject
         Function SetWinMetaFileBits
         Function CreateDIBSection
         Function CreateCompatibleDC
         Function GdiFlush
         Function PlayEnhMetaFile
         Function SetEnhMetaFileBits
         Function GetStockObject
         Function GetDIBits
         Function DeleteEnhMetaFile
         Function GetDeviceCaps
         Function DeleteDC
         Function DeleteObject
         Function CreateDCA
         Function RealizePalette
         Function StretchBlt
         Function SetDIBColorTable
         Function StretchDIBits
Import from module python311.dll :
         Function PyList_SetItem
         Function PyObject_Print
         Function _Py_TrueStruct
         Function PyExc_IndexError
         Function PyUnicode_FromString
         Function PyExc_TypeError
         Function _PyObject_New
         Function PyBytes_FromStringAndSize
         Function PyObject_Size
         Function PyBuffer_Release
         Function PyEval_RestoreThread
         Function PyExc_RuntimeError
         Function _PyObject_CallFunction_SizeT
         Function PySys_GetObject
         Function PyFile_WriteString
         Function PyExc_OSError
         Function PyErr_NoMemory
         Function PyUnicode_Type
         Function PySequence_Check
         Function PyDict_New
         Function PyCapsule_New
         Function PyErr_Clear
         Function _PyObject_CallMethod_SizeT
         Function PyErr_Print
         Function PyType_Ready
         Function PyThreadState_Swap
         Function PyList_Size
         Function PyErr_Format
         Function PyErr_SetFromErrno
         Function PyModule_Create2
         Function PyList_New
         Function PySequence_Fast
         Function _PyBytes_Resize
         Function PyObject_GetBuffer
         Function PySequence_Size
         Function PyLong_AsLong
         Function _PyArg_ParseTuple_SizeT
         Function PyNumber_AsSsize_t
         Function PyNumber_Check
         Function PyIndex_Check
         Function PyErr_ExceptionMatches
         Function PyObject_CallFunction
         Function Py_BuildValue
         Function PySlice_Unpack
         Function PySequence_GetItem
         Function PySlice_Type
         Function PySlice_AdjustIndices
         Function PyArg_ParseTuple
         Function PyExc_MemoryError
         Function PyObject_CallMethod
         Function PyLong_AsSsize_t
         Function PyExc_SystemError
         Function PyObject_CheckBuffer
         Function PyModule_AddObject
         Function PyObject_IsTrue
         Function PyDict_GetItem
         Function PyList_GetItem
         Function PyBytes_Size
         Function PyTuple_Size
         Function PyObject_Free
         Function PyModule_GetDict
         Function PyTuple_GetItem
         Function _Py_Dealloc
         Function PyType_IsSubtype
         Function PyFloat_Type
         Function _Py_FalseStruct
         Function PyExc_ValueError
         Function PyErr_SetString
         Function PyFloat_FromDouble
         Function PyDict_SetItemString
         Function PyTuple_New
         Function PyLong_AsLongLong
         Function _Py_NoneStruct
         Function PyBytes_AsStringAndSize
         Function PyFloat_AsDouble
         Function PyUnicode_AsLatin1String
         Function PyLong_FromLong
         Function PyEval_SaveThread
         Function PyLong_FromSsize_t
         Function PyErr_Occurred
         Function PyBytes_AsString
         Function _PyErr_BadInternalCall
         Function PyModule_AddIntConstant
         Function _Py_BuildValue_SizeT
         Function PyBool_FromLong
         Function PyThreadState_Get
Import from module VCRUNTIME140.dll :
         Function longjmp
         Function memmove
         Function memset
         Function memcmp
         Function __C_specific_handler
         Function __intrinsic_setjmp
         Function __std_type_info_destroy_list
         Function memcpy
Import from module api-ms-win-crt-heap-l1-1-0.dll :
         Function _aligned_free
         Function calloc
         Function free
         Function malloc
         Function _aligned_malloc
         Function realloc
Import from module api-ms-win-crt-stdio-l1-1-0.dll :
         Function __stdio_common_vsprintf
         Function __stdio_common_vfprintf
         Function _lseek
         Function _write
         Function __stdio_common_vsscanf
         Function __stdio_common_vsnprintf_s
         Function __acrt_iob_func
         Function fopen
         Function _get_osfhandle
         Function fwrite
         Function fclose
Import from module api-ms-win-crt-string-l1-1-0.dll :
         Function strcmp
         Function strncmp
         Function _strdup
         Function strncpy
Import from module api-ms-win-crt-runtime-l1-1-0.dll :
         Function _beginthreadex
         Function _initterm
         Function _initterm_e
         Function _seh_filter_dll
         Function _configure_narrow_argv
         Function exit
         Function _initialize_narrow_environment
         Function _cexit
         Function _execute_onexit_table
         Function _initialize_onexit_table
         Function abort
Import from module api-ms-win-crt-math-l1-1-0.dll :
         Function lround
         Function hypot
         Function roundf
         Function round
         Function floor
         Function pow
         Function exp
         Function log
         Function atan2
         Function sin
         Function powf
         Function sqrtf
         Function log10
         Function fmin
         Function sqrt
         Function fmax
         Function cos
         Function fmod
         Function ceil
Import from module api-ms-win-crt-utility-l1-1-0.dll :
         Function bsearch
         Function rand
         Function qsort
Import from module api-ms-win-crt-convert-l1-1-0.dll :
         Function atoi
Import from module api-ms-win-crt-environment-l1-1-0.dll :
         Function getenv_s
         Function getenv
[-] Import listing done

I was unable to figure out the mappings for some of them, but even the KERNEL32.dll imports (which I assume map to KernelBase.dll in servernano) are incomplete; the following symbols are missing (by manually comparing the _imaging imports with kernelbase.dll exports):

CreateFileMappingA (CreateFileMappingW is available)
GlobalLock
GlobalUnlock
RtlCaptureContext
RtlLookupFunctionEntry
RtlVirtualUnwind
WakeConditionVariable

Assuming the api-*.dll files map to ucrtbase.dll, they seem to be fully satisfied.

I was unable to figure out what USER32.dll and GDI.dll map to, but I suspect these are not present at all in nanoserver, so you'd need to compile Pillow without PIL.ImageGrab (and likely more modules, e.g. PIL.ImageDraw).

Also note that we don't support compiling without these modules, and #8211 is open to remove old (and untested) compile flags that potentially could have been used to achieve that.

[nulano]

Doing some grep searches, I can see that you'd need to disable at least the following to avoid some of the symbols above:

• CreateFileMappingA - used in libtiff, freetype, harfbuzz
• GlobalLock and GlobalUnlock - used in libwebp and libtiff, as well as display.c
• WakeConditionVariable - used in libwebp and xz

So it might actually be easier to keep using servercore.

[structurefall]

Yeah, I definitely don't want to pin us to anything old or unsupported. servercore will work for now, thank you for looking into it!

[aclark4life]

Fascinating issue, thanks @structurefall @nulano

[radarhere]

servercore will work for now, thank you for looking into it!

Does that mean this issue is resolved?