Add enhanced debug metadata generation

[thomaspinckney3]

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It would be nice to expose DIBuilder or some other higher level API for generating debug information than what is currently offered.

[thomaspinckney3]

This could be moved from Numba to llvmlite https://github.com/numba/numba/blob/main/numba/core/debuginfo.py

[sklam]

A lot of the logic in Numba's DIBuilder is tightly coupled with the type system. For it to live in llvmlite, it will need to be generalized for any type system. I'm afraid the only common logic are the helpers for making some of the debug metadata.