[opus] Set STACK_PROTECTOR ON for Windows builds

[jlaanstra]

#40771 added an if block for Windows resulting in stack protector getting disabled. This change re-enables the stack protector for Windows as it was before.

• Changes comply with the maintainer guide.
• SHA512s are updated for each updated download.
• The "supports" clause reflects platforms that may be fixed by this new version.
• Any fixed CI baseline entries are removed from that file.
• Any patches that are no longer applied are deleted from the port's directory.
• The version database is fixed by rerunning ./vcpkg x-add-version --all and committing the result.
• Only one version is added to each modified port's versions file.

[dg0yt]

I would suggest to place a reasonable default before the if line, and to have extra lines only in the branches which need the other value.