feat: add log file caching layer

[roeap]

Description

Adds an opinionated caching layer on top of object store that caches commit files read from the delta log. Here we focus on json files, as we cannot apply higher level caches for json within the kernel architecture.

Related Issue(s)

related: #3439

Documentation

Need to add an example to docs

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 76.78571% with 13 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 74.18%. Comparing base (739f461) to head (d315062).

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
python/src/lib.rs	0.00%	5 Missing ⚠️
crates/core/src/operations/mod.rs	83.33%	3 Missing ⚠️
crates/core/src/table/mod.rs	0.00%	3 Missing ⚠️
crates/core/src/operations/create.rs	66.66%	0 Missing and 1 partial ⚠️
crates/core/src/protocol/checkpoints.rs	83.33%	0 Missing and 1 partial ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main    #3440      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   74.23%   74.18%   -0.06%     
==========================================
  Files         150      150              
  Lines       44772    44775       +3     
  Branches    44772    44775       +3     
==========================================
- Hits        33237    33216      -21     
- Misses       9392     9395       +3     
- Partials     2143     2164      +21     

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