diff --git a/pyproject.toml b/pyproject.toml
index 1f270b435f..2628da9346 100644
--- a/pyproject.toml
+++ b/pyproject.toml
@@ -210,7 +210,11 @@ dependencies = [
     'numpy',  # from scientific-python-nightly-wheels
     'numcodecs @ git+https://github.com/zarr-developers/numcodecs',
     'fsspec @ git+https://github.com/fsspec/filesystem_spec',
-    's3fs @ git+https://github.com/fsspec/s3fs',
+    # we use a fork of s3fs because fsspec/s3fs declares an exact version of fsspec,
+    # which cannot be satisfied when we use the git version of fsspec.
+    # our fork relaxes the upper bound on the fsspec dependency.
+    # see https://github.com/fsspec/s3fs/pull/966
+    's3fs @ git+https://github.com/zarr-developers/s3fs',
     'universal_pathlib @ git+https://github.com/fsspec/universal_pathlib',
     'typing_extensions @ git+https://github.com/python/typing_extensions',
     'donfig @ git+https://github.com/pytroll/donfig',
diff --git a/tests/test_metadata/test_consolidated.py b/tests/test_metadata/test_consolidated.py
index 9bf1c4e544..f71a946300 100644
--- a/tests/test_metadata/test_consolidated.py
+++ b/tests/test_metadata/test_consolidated.py
@@ -618,6 +618,7 @@ async def test_use_consolidated_for_children_members(
         expected = ["b", "b/c"]
         assert result == expected
 
+
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("fill_value", [np.nan, np.inf, -np.inf])
 async def test_consolidated_metadata_encodes_special_chars(
     memory_store: Store, zarr_format: ZarrFormat, fill_value: float