Increased the size of the error message buffer by 4x, to 511 bytes. (#15728)

The previous limit of 127 was causing error messages to get truncated when long identifiers are in use.

This will increase the stack usage of any code that is allocating a `upb_Status` on the stack. If we want to support smaller stacks in the future, we could change `upb_Status` to store its capacity inline, so different users can allocate error buffers with different capacity.

Fixes: #14376
PiperOrigin-RevId: 603136385

Co-authored-by: Joshua Haberman <haberman@google.com>

Author: zhangskz

ruby/lib/google/protobuf/ffi/ffi.rb

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ class FFI
       Upb_Map_Begin = -1
 
       ## Encoding Status
-      Upb_Status_MaxMessage = 127
+      Upb_Status_MaxMessage = 511
       Upb_Encode_Deterministic = 1
       Upb_Encode_SkipUnknown = 2
 

upb/base/status.h

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
 // Must be last.
 #include "upb/port/def.inc"
 
-#define _kUpb_Status_MaxMessage 127
+#define _kUpb_Status_MaxMessage 511
 
 typedef struct {
   bool ok;