diff --git a/clang/include/clang/Frontend/CompilerInstance.h b/clang/include/clang/Frontend/CompilerInstance.h
index 41dc7f1fef461..078044ed2d039 100644
--- a/clang/include/clang/Frontend/CompilerInstance.h
+++ b/clang/include/clang/Frontend/CompilerInstance.h
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 #include "clang/Frontend/CompilerInvocation.h"
 #include "clang/Frontend/PCHContainerOperations.h"
 #include "clang/Frontend/Utils.h"
+#include "clang/Lex/DependencyDirectivesScanner.h"
 #include "clang/Lex/HeaderSearchOptions.h"
 #include "clang/Lex/ModuleLoader.h"
 #include "llvm/ADT/ArrayRef.h"
@@ -99,6 +100,9 @@ class CompilerInstance : public ModuleLoader {
   /// The cache of PCM files.
   IntrusiveRefCntPtr<ModuleCache> ModCache;
 
+  /// Functor for getting the dependency preprocessor directives of a file.
+  std::unique_ptr<DependencyDirectivesGetter> GetDependencyDirectives;
+
   /// The preprocessor.
   std::shared_ptr<Preprocessor> PP;
 
@@ -697,6 +701,11 @@ class CompilerInstance : public ModuleLoader {
   /// and replace any existing one with it.
   void createPreprocessor(TranslationUnitKind TUKind);
 
+  void setDependencyDirectivesGetter(
+      std::unique_ptr<DependencyDirectivesGetter> Getter) {
+    GetDependencyDirectives = std::move(Getter);
+  }
+
   std::string getSpecificModuleCachePath(StringRef ModuleHash);
   std::string getSpecificModuleCachePath() {
     return getSpecificModuleCachePath(getInvocation().getModuleHash());
diff --git a/clang/include/clang/Lex/DependencyDirectivesScanner.h b/clang/include/clang/Lex/DependencyDirectivesScanner.h
index 0e115906fbfe5..acdc9e2bf9aa4 100644
--- a/clang/include/clang/Lex/DependencyDirectivesScanner.h
+++ b/clang/include/clang/Lex/DependencyDirectivesScanner.h
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
 #include "llvm/ADT/ArrayRef.h"
 
 namespace clang {
+class FileManager;
 
 namespace tok {
 enum TokenKind : unsigned short;
@@ -135,6 +136,19 @@ void printDependencyDirectivesAsSource(
     ArrayRef<dependency_directives_scan::Directive> Directives,
     llvm::raw_ostream &OS);
 
+/// Functor that returns the dependency directives for a given file.
+class DependencyDirectivesGetter {
+public:
+  /// Clone the getter for a new \c FileManager instance.
+  virtual std::unique_ptr<DependencyDirectivesGetter>
+  cloneFor(FileManager &FileMgr) = 0;
+
+  /// Get the dependency directives for the given file.
+  virtual std::optional<ArrayRef<dependency_directives_scan::Directive>>
+  operator()(FileEntryRef File) = 0;
+
+  virtual ~DependencyDirectivesGetter() = default;
+};
 } // end namespace clang
 
 #endif // LLVM_CLANG_LEX_DEPENDENCYDIRECTIVESSCANNER_H
diff --git a/clang/include/clang/Lex/Preprocessor.h b/clang/include/clang/Lex/Preprocessor.h
index 24bb524783e93..3ec02a754138f 100644
--- a/clang/include/clang/Lex/Preprocessor.h
+++ b/clang/include/clang/Lex/Preprocessor.h
@@ -140,6 +140,12 @@ class Preprocessor {
   friend class VariadicMacroScopeGuard;
 
   llvm::unique_function<void(const clang::Token &)> OnToken;
+  /// Functor for getting the dependency preprocessor directives of a file.
+  ///
+  /// These are directives derived from a special form of lexing where the
+  /// source input is scanned for the preprocessor directives that might have an
+  /// effect on the dependencies for a compilation unit.
+  DependencyDirectivesGetter *GetDependencyDirectives = nullptr;
   const PreprocessorOptions &PPOpts;
   DiagnosticsEngine        *Diags;
   const LangOptions &LangOpts;
@@ -1326,6 +1332,10 @@ class Preprocessor {
     OnToken = std::move(F);
   }
 
+  void setDependencyDirectivesGetter(DependencyDirectivesGetter &Get) {
+    GetDependencyDirectives = &Get;
+  }
+
   void setPreprocessToken(bool Preprocess) { PreprocessToken = Preprocess; }
 
   bool isMacroDefined(StringRef Id) {
diff --git a/clang/include/clang/Lex/PreprocessorOptions.h b/clang/include/clang/Lex/PreprocessorOptions.h
index c2e3d68333024..d4c4e1ccbf2c4 100644
--- a/clang/include/clang/Lex/PreprocessorOptions.h
+++ b/clang/include/clang/Lex/PreprocessorOptions.h
@@ -189,19 +189,6 @@ class PreprocessorOptions {
   /// with support for lifetime-qualified pointers.
   ObjCXXARCStandardLibraryKind ObjCXXARCStandardLibrary = ARCXX_nolib;
 
-  /// Function for getting the dependency preprocessor directives of a file.
-  ///
-  /// These are directives derived from a special form of lexing where the
-  /// source input is scanned for the preprocessor directives that might have an
-  /// effect on the dependencies for a compilation unit.
-  ///
-  /// Enables a client to cache the directives for a file and provide them
-  /// across multiple compiler invocations.
-  /// FIXME: Allow returning an error.
-  std::function<std::optional<ArrayRef<dependency_directives_scan::Directive>>(
-      FileEntryRef)>
-      DependencyDirectivesForFile;
-
   /// Set up preprocessor for RunAnalysis action.
   bool SetUpStaticAnalyzer = false;
 
diff --git a/clang/include/clang/Tooling/DependencyScanning/DependencyScanningFilesystem.h b/clang/include/clang/Tooling/DependencyScanning/DependencyScanningFilesystem.h
index d12814e7c9253..f07bd5e820dab 100644
--- a/clang/include/clang/Tooling/DependencyScanning/DependencyScanningFilesystem.h
+++ b/clang/include/clang/Tooling/DependencyScanning/DependencyScanningFilesystem.h
@@ -371,6 +371,16 @@ class DependencyScanningWorkerFilesystem
   /// false if not (i.e. this entry is not a file or its scan fails).
   bool ensureDirectiveTokensArePopulated(EntryRef Entry);
 
+  /// \returns The scanned preprocessor directive tokens of the file that are
+  /// used to speed up preprocessing, if available.
+  std::optional<ArrayRef<dependency_directives_scan::Directive>>
+  getDirectiveTokens(const Twine &Path) {
+    if (llvm::ErrorOr<EntryRef> Entry = getOrCreateFileSystemEntry(Path.str()))
+      if (ensureDirectiveTokensArePopulated(*Entry))
+        return Entry->getDirectiveTokens();
+    return std::nullopt;
+  }
+
   /// Check whether \p Path exists. By default checks cached result of \c
   /// status(), and falls back on FS if unable to do so.
   bool exists(const Twine &Path) override;
diff --git a/clang/lib/Frontend/CompilerInstance.cpp b/clang/lib/Frontend/CompilerInstance.cpp
index 243e0a3c15b05..9f27224ddd6f0 100644
--- a/clang/lib/Frontend/CompilerInstance.cpp
+++ b/clang/lib/Frontend/CompilerInstance.cpp
@@ -535,6 +535,9 @@ void CompilerInstance::createPreprocessor(TranslationUnitKind TUKind) {
                            /*ShowAllHeaders=*/true, /*OutputPath=*/"",
                            /*ShowDepth=*/true, /*MSStyle=*/true);
   }
+
+  if (GetDependencyDirectives)
+    PP->setDependencyDirectivesGetter(*GetDependencyDirectives);
 }
 
 std::string CompilerInstance::getSpecificModuleCachePath(StringRef ModuleHash) {
@@ -1237,6 +1240,10 @@ std::unique_ptr<CompilerInstance> CompilerInstance::cloneForModuleCompileImpl(
   // Make a copy for the new instance.
   Instance.FailedModules = FailedModules;
 
+  if (GetDependencyDirectives)
+    Instance.GetDependencyDirectives =
+        GetDependencyDirectives->cloneFor(Instance.getFileManager());
+
   // If we're collecting module dependencies, we need to share a collector
   // between all of the module CompilerInstances. Other than that, we don't
   // want to produce any dependency output from the module build.
diff --git a/clang/lib/Lex/PPLexerChange.cpp b/clang/lib/Lex/PPLexerChange.cpp
index a373a52506a24..f95e38317a872 100644
--- a/clang/lib/Lex/PPLexerChange.cpp
+++ b/clang/lib/Lex/PPLexerChange.cpp
@@ -92,16 +92,10 @@ bool Preprocessor::EnterSourceFile(FileID FID, ConstSearchDirIterator CurDir,
   }
 
   Lexer *TheLexer = new Lexer(FID, *InputFile, *this, IsFirstIncludeOfFile);
-  if (getPreprocessorOpts().DependencyDirectivesForFile &&
-      FID != PredefinesFileID) {
-    if (OptionalFileEntryRef File = SourceMgr.getFileEntryRefForID(FID)) {
-      if (std::optional<ArrayRef<dependency_directives_scan::Directive>>
-              DepDirectives =
-                  getPreprocessorOpts().DependencyDirectivesForFile(*File)) {
-        TheLexer->DepDirectives = *DepDirectives;
-      }
-    }
-  }
+  if (GetDependencyDirectives && FID != PredefinesFileID)
+    if (OptionalFileEntryRef File = SourceMgr.getFileEntryRefForID(FID))
+      if (auto MaybeDepDirectives = (*GetDependencyDirectives)(*File))
+        TheLexer->DepDirectives = *MaybeDepDirectives;
 
   EnterSourceFileWithLexer(TheLexer, CurDir);
   return false;
diff --git a/clang/lib/Tooling/DependencyScanning/DependencyScanningWorker.cpp b/clang/lib/Tooling/DependencyScanning/DependencyScanningWorker.cpp
index 6595f8ff5dc55..4ceb07be89861 100644
--- a/clang/lib/Tooling/DependencyScanning/DependencyScanningWorker.cpp
+++ b/clang/lib/Tooling/DependencyScanning/DependencyScanningWorker.cpp
@@ -357,6 +357,32 @@ static void canonicalizeDefines(PreprocessorOptions &PPOpts) {
   std::swap(PPOpts.Macros, NewMacros);
 }
 
+class ScanningDependencyDirectivesGetter : public DependencyDirectivesGetter {
+  DependencyScanningWorkerFilesystem *DepFS;
+
+public:
+  ScanningDependencyDirectivesGetter(FileManager &FileMgr) : DepFS(nullptr) {
+    FileMgr.getVirtualFileSystem().visit([&](llvm::vfs::FileSystem &FS) {
+      auto *DFS = llvm::dyn_cast<DependencyScanningWorkerFilesystem>(&FS);
+      if (DFS) {
+        assert(!DepFS && "Found multiple scanning VFSs");
+        DepFS = DFS;
+      }
+    });
+    assert(DepFS && "Did not find scanning VFS");
+  }
+
+  std::unique_ptr<DependencyDirectivesGetter>
+  cloneFor(FileManager &FileMgr) override {
+    return std::make_unique<ScanningDependencyDirectivesGetter>(FileMgr);
+  }
+
+  std::optional<ArrayRef<dependency_directives_scan::Directive>>
+  operator()(FileEntryRef File) override {
+    return DepFS->getDirectiveTokens(File.getName());
+  }
+};
+
 /// A clang tool that runs the preprocessor in a mode that's optimized for
 /// dependency scanning for the given compiler invocation.
 class DependencyScanningAction : public tooling::ToolAction {
@@ -424,6 +450,9 @@ class DependencyScanningAction : public tooling::ToolAction {
         ScanInstance.getInvocation(), ScanInstance.getDiagnostics(),
         DriverFileMgr->getVirtualFileSystemPtr());
 
+    // Create a new FileManager to match the invocation's FileSystemOptions.
+    auto *FileMgr = ScanInstance.createFileManager(FS);
+
     // Use the dependency scanning optimized file system if requested to do so.
     if (DepFS) {
       StringRef ModulesCachePath =
@@ -433,19 +462,10 @@ class DependencyScanningAction : public tooling::ToolAction {
       if (!ModulesCachePath.empty())
         DepFS->setBypassedPathPrefix(ModulesCachePath);
 
-      ScanInstance.getPreprocessorOpts().DependencyDirectivesForFile =
-          [LocalDepFS = DepFS](FileEntryRef File)
-          -> std::optional<ArrayRef<dependency_directives_scan::Directive>> {
-        if (llvm::ErrorOr<EntryRef> Entry =
-                LocalDepFS->getOrCreateFileSystemEntry(File.getName()))
-          if (LocalDepFS->ensureDirectiveTokensArePopulated(*Entry))
-            return Entry->getDirectiveTokens();
-        return std::nullopt;
-      };
+      ScanInstance.setDependencyDirectivesGetter(
+          std::make_unique<ScanningDependencyDirectivesGetter>(*FileMgr));
     }
 
-    // Create a new FileManager to match the invocation's FileSystemOptions.
-    auto *FileMgr = ScanInstance.createFileManager(FS);
     ScanInstance.createSourceManager(*FileMgr);
 
     // Store a mapping of prebuilt module files and their properties like header
diff --git a/clang/unittests/Lex/PPDependencyDirectivesTest.cpp b/clang/unittests/Lex/PPDependencyDirectivesTest.cpp
index 03f1432d990cb..6ab80ba01677e 100644
--- a/clang/unittests/Lex/PPDependencyDirectivesTest.cpp
+++ b/clang/unittests/Lex/PPDependencyDirectivesTest.cpp
@@ -103,25 +103,33 @@ TEST_F(PPDependencyDirectivesTest, MacroGuard) {
     SmallVector<dependency_directives_scan::Token> Tokens;
     SmallVector<dependency_directives_scan::Directive> Directives;
   };
-  SmallVector<std::unique_ptr<DepDirectives>> DepDirectivesObjects;
-
-  auto getDependencyDirectives = [&](FileEntryRef File)
-      -> std::optional<ArrayRef<dependency_directives_scan::Directive>> {
-    DepDirectivesObjects.push_back(std::make_unique<DepDirectives>());
-    StringRef Input = (*FileMgr.getBufferForFile(File))->getBuffer();
-    bool Err = scanSourceForDependencyDirectives(
-        Input, DepDirectivesObjects.back()->Tokens,
-        DepDirectivesObjects.back()->Directives);
-    EXPECT_FALSE(Err);
-    return llvm::ArrayRef(DepDirectivesObjects.back()->Directives);
-  };
 
-  PreprocessorOptions PPOpts;
-  PPOpts.DependencyDirectivesForFile = [&](FileEntryRef File)
-      -> std::optional<ArrayRef<dependency_directives_scan::Directive>> {
-    return getDependencyDirectives(File);
+  class TestDependencyDirectivesGetter : public DependencyDirectivesGetter {
+    FileManager &FileMgr;
+    SmallVector<std::unique_ptr<DepDirectives>> DepDirectivesObjects;
+
+  public:
+    TestDependencyDirectivesGetter(FileManager &FileMgr) : FileMgr(FileMgr) {}
+
+    std::unique_ptr<DependencyDirectivesGetter>
+    cloneFor(FileManager &FileMgr) override {
+      return std::make_unique<TestDependencyDirectivesGetter>(FileMgr);
+    }
+
+    std::optional<ArrayRef<dependency_directives_scan::Directive>>
+    operator()(FileEntryRef File) override {
+      DepDirectivesObjects.push_back(std::make_unique<DepDirectives>());
+      StringRef Input = (*FileMgr.getBufferForFile(File))->getBuffer();
+      bool Err = scanSourceForDependencyDirectives(
+          Input, DepDirectivesObjects.back()->Tokens,
+          DepDirectivesObjects.back()->Directives);
+      EXPECT_FALSE(Err);
+      return DepDirectivesObjects.back()->Directives;
+    }
   };
+  TestDependencyDirectivesGetter GetDependencyDirectives(FileMgr);
 
+  PreprocessorOptions PPOpts;
   HeaderSearchOptions HSOpts;
   TrivialModuleLoader ModLoader;
   HeaderSearch HeaderInfo(HSOpts, SourceMgr, Diags, LangOpts, Target.get());
@@ -130,6 +138,8 @@ TEST_F(PPDependencyDirectivesTest, MacroGuard) {
                   /*OwnsHeaderSearch =*/false);
   PP.Initialize(*Target);
 
+  PP.setDependencyDirectivesGetter(GetDependencyDirectives);
+
   SmallVector<StringRef> IncludedFiles;
   PP.addPPCallbacks(std::make_unique<IncludeCollector>(PP, IncludedFiles));
   PP.EnterMainSourceFile();