Compatibility with julia nightly (#10)

* Update CodeInfo struct and handling

Co-authored-by: Claire Foster <[email protected]>

* Don't produce raw symbol from globalref

This used to implicitly refer to a module-level name, but lowering is now
expected to wrap it in a `globalref`. Part of JuliaLang/julia#54772

* Updates to const and global lowering; add K"constdecl"; omit `wrap`

JuliaLang/julia#54773, JuliaLang/julia#56713, JuliaLang/julia#57470. Some
     changes omitted from `expand-decls` and `expand-assignment`.

Note that the two-argument IR "const" is K"constdecl", whereas the one-argument
    K"const" only appears in the AST.

Also note that the `wrap` parameter is omitted throughout assignment desugaring.
      As far as I'm aware, all this plumbing was just to support `const a,b,c =
     1,2,3` having `b` and `c` inherit the `const`.  TODO: find a better way of
     doing the same thing (a ScopedValue might be a clean solution; we currently
     throw an error).

The check for `let; const x = 1; end`, (which should throw) is in scope
     analysis (lisp has it in `compile`).

Co-authored-by: Claire Foster <[email protected]>

* Add `isdefinedglobal` builtin

JuliaLang/julia#54999, JuliaLang/julia#56985

* :global no longer valid_ir_argument; rm `is_defined_nothrow_global`

JuliaLang/julia#56746.  Also call :slot and :static_parameter valid (for now)

* Fix `is_defined_and_owned_global` (Core.Binding changes)

Adapt to bpart changes in JuliaLang/julia#54788

* Struct desugaring: "Undo decision to publish incomplete types..."

JuliaLang/julia#56497; Add self-referencing struct shim

I have doubts about how long this solution will stay in the base repository, and
     how complete it is (doesn't seem to work with M1.M2.S), but we are testing
     for it here.

Also change the expected value of a test changed in the same PR.

* Emit `latestworld` world age increments

For method defs, `latestworld` is produced in desugaring rather than closure
conversion for now (our closure conversion doesn't seem to cover the same
cases as lisp lowering yet).

Covers JuliaLang/julia#56523, JuliaLang/julia#56509, JuliaLang/julia#57299.

Also includes changes from JuliaLang/julia#57102 (bpart: Start enforcing minimum
world age for const bparts) and JuliaLang/julia#57150 (bpart: Start enforcing
min_world for global variable definitions) since the lowering changes from those
appear to be amendments to the changes above (missing world age increments).

Co-authored-by: Claire Foster <[email protected]>

* bpart changes: `Core._typebody!` signature

`Core._typebody!` now takes a new "prev" argument, which we don't use yet here.
 Changes from JuliaLang/julia#57253

* bpart changes: struct desugaring

Changes from JuliaLang/julia#57253 (bpart: Fully switch to partitioned
     semantics).  This fixes one failing test and realigns struct desugaring to
     match lisp for now.

Also changed: the expected result of redefining a primitive type (now allowed).

* Additional argument in `new_opaque_closure`

Fix segfaulting test.  Thanks for the TODO

* Adapt to different `GeneratedFunctionStub` signature

Signature changed in JuliaLang/julia#57230.  Thanks @aviatesk for the help!

* Fix `public` and `export`

As of JuliaLang/julia#57765, `jl_module_public` is no longer exported.  Change
our runtime to handle it like `public` and `export` like we handle `import`
or `using` for now

* Fix modules.jl test

I believe this was a world age issue

* Regenerate IR tests

Too many to count.

* Update README to known-good julia, JuliaSyntax versions

Latest julia works.  Changes are needed to work with the latest JuliaSyntax, but
     that isn't in base julia yet, and more changes are likely to come.

* Fix small bug from #16 so tests pass

The change lifted the scope of `note`, so it was being changed in the loop

* Changes from code review: const/global lowering

Ping me if you'd like this squashed into the original const/global commit!

Co-authored-by: Claire Foster <[email protected]>

* Remove a special case

No longer needed since we no longer put `global` or `local` forms back into the
     expand_forms machine.  Some error messages change slightly as a result.

* Changes from code review

Co-authored-by: Claire Foster <[email protected]>

* Fix + test for assignment in value but not tail position

* Disallow `static_parameter` as `valid_ir_argument`

See added comment, and discussion at
    #10 (comment)

Co-authored-by: Claire Foster <[email protected]>

* Change printing of `K"latestworld"`

Parens are nice, but it wasn't consistent.

Also make it a leaf (remaining non-leaves are deleted in the next commit.)

* Move most `latestworld`s to linearization

From the docs:
```
The following statements raise the current world age:
    1. An explicit invocation of Core.@latestworld
    2. The start of every top-level statement
    3. The start of every REPL prompt
    4. Any type or struct definition
    5. Any method definition
    6. Any constant declaration
    7. Any global variable declaration (but not a global variable assignment)
    8. Any using, import, export or public statement
    9. Certain other macros like eval (depends on the macro implementation)
```

This commit handles each case as follows:

```
    1. = 9
    2. I'm not sure this actually happens (or needs to happen, unless we're
       being defensive? Doing it after each world-changing operation should
       suffice).  But if we need it, this would just be emitting once at the
       beginning of every lowered output.
    3. = 2
    4. = 6
    5. Emit seeing `method` in linearize
    6. Emit seeing `constdecl` in linearize
    7. Emit seeing `global` or `globaldecl` in linearize
    8. We just defer to `eval`, but should probably go in desugaring later
       - using/import recently became builtin calls, and I haven't
         updated JL to use them yet.  Base._import_using has an expr-based
         API that may change, and our importpath destructuring is worth keeping.
       - export and public (special forms) are handled in toplevel.c
    9. Done for us
```

Other quirks:

- `JuliaLowering.eval_closure_type` calls eval to assign a const, so we still
    need to deal with that in closure conversion.

- The `include` hack isn't mentioned in the docs, but can stay in desugaring.
      I'm not certain why we don't do the same for non-macro `eval`.

---------

Co-authored-by: Claire Foster <[email protected]>

Author: mlechu

README.md

@@ -28,8 +28,8 @@ This work is intended to
 
 Note this is a work in progress; many types of syntax are not yet handled.
 
-1. You need a 1.12-DEV build of Julia: At least 1.12.0-DEV.512. Commit `263928f9ad4` is currentl known to work. Note that JuliaLowering relies on Julia internals and may be broken on the latest Julia dev version from time to time. (In fact it is currently broken on the latest `1.12-DEV`.)
-2. Check out the main branch of [JuliaSyntax](https://github.com/JuliaLang/JuliaSyntax.jl)
+1. You need a 1.13.0-DEV build of Julia: At least 1.13.0-DEV.880. Commit `5ebc5b463ea` is currently known to work. Note that JuliaLowering relies on Julia internals and may be broken on the latest Julia dev version from time to time.
+2. Use commit `46723f0` of [JuliaSyntax](https://github.com/JuliaLang/JuliaSyntax.jl)
 3. Get the latest version of [JuliaSyntaxFormatter](https://github.com/c42f/JuliaSyntaxFormatter.jl)
 4. Run the demo `include("test/demo.jl")`
 

src/ast.jl

@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ function makeleaf(ctx, srcref, k::Kind, value; kws...)
         makeleaf(graph, srcref, k; id=value, kws...)
     elseif k == K"symbolic_label"
         makeleaf(graph, srcref, k; name_val=value, kws...)
-    elseif k == K"TOMBSTONE" || k == K"SourceLocation"
+    elseif k in KSet"TOMBSTONE SourceLocation latestworld latestworld_if_toplevel"
         makeleaf(graph, srcref, k; kws...)
     else
         val = k == K"Integer" ? convert(Int,     value) :

src/closure_conversion.jl

@@ -147,6 +147,7 @@ function convert_global_assignment(ctx, ex, var, rhs0)
     end
     push!(stmts, @ast ctx ex [K"=" var rhs])
     @ast ctx ex [K"block"
+        [K"globaldecl" var]
         stmts...
         rhs1
     ]
@@ -337,19 +338,27 @@ function _convert_closures(ctx::ClosureConversionCtx, ex)
         elseif binfo.is_always_defined || is_self_captured(ctx, var)
             # Captured but unboxed vars are always defined
             @ast ctx ex true::K"Bool"
+        elseif binfo.kind == :global
+            # Normal isdefined won't work for globals (#56985)
+            @ast ctx ex [K"call"
+                "isdefinedglobal"::K"core"
+                ctx.mod::K"Value"
+                binfo.name::K"Symbol"
+                false::K"Bool"]
         else
             ex
         end
     elseif k == K"decl"
         @assert kind(ex[1]) == K"BindingId"
         binfo = lookup_binding(ctx, ex[1])
         if binfo.kind == :global
-            @ast ctx ex [K"call"
-                "set_binding_type!"::K"core"
-                binfo.mod::K"Value"
-                binfo.name::K"Symbol"
-                _convert_closures(ctx, ex[2])
-            ]
+            @ast ctx ex [K"block"
+                # flisp has this, but our K"assert" handling is in a previous pass
+                # [K"assert" "toplevel_only"::K"Symbol" [K"inert" ex]]
+                [K"globaldecl"
+                    ex[1]
+                    _convert_closures(ctx, ex[2])]
+                "nothing"::K"core"]
         else
             makeleaf(ctx, ex, K"TOMBSTONE")
         end
@@ -382,6 +391,7 @@ function _convert_closures(ctx::ClosureConversionCtx, ex)
                     type_for_closure(ctx, ex, name_str, field_syms, field_is_box)
                 if !ctx.is_toplevel_seq_point
                     push!(ctx.toplevel_stmts, closure_type_def)
+                    push!(ctx.toplevel_stmts, @ast ctx ex (::K"latestworld_if_toplevel"))
                     closure_type_def = nothing
                 end
                 closure_info = ClosureInfo(closure_type_, field_syms, field_inds)
@@ -406,6 +416,7 @@ function _convert_closures(ctx::ClosureConversionCtx, ex)
                 end
                 @ast ctx ex [K"block"
                     closure_type_def
+                    (::K"latestworld_if_toplevel")
                     closure_type := if isempty(type_params)
                         closure_type_
                     else