fix(core): implement constructor parameter property tracking (#8346)

Author: arendjr

.changeset/constructed-carriers-corrolate.md

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+---
+"@biomejs/biome": patch
+---
+
+Fixed [#8292](https://github.com/biomejs/biome/issues/8292): Implement tracking
+of types of TypeScript constructor parameter properties.
+
+This resolves certain false negatives in `noFloatingPromises` and other typed
+rules.
+
+#### Example
+
+```ts
+class AsyncClass {
+    async returnsPromise() {
+        return 'value';
+    }
+}
+
+class ShouldBeReported {
+    constructor(public field: AsyncClass) { }
+    //          ^^^^^^^^^^^^----------------- Parameter property declaration
+
+    async shouldBeReported() {
+        // `noFloatingPromises` will now report the following usage:
+        this.field.returnsPromise();
+    }
+}
+```

crates/biome_js_analyze/tests/specs/nursery/noFloatingPromises/issue8292.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+/* should generate diagnostics */
+
+class AsyncClass {
+    async returnsPromise() {
+        return 'value';
+    }
+}
+
+class ShouldBeReported {
+    constructor(public field: AsyncClass) { }
+
+    async shouldBeReported() {
+        this.field.returnsPromise();
+    }
+}

crates/biome_js_analyze/tests/specs/nursery/noFloatingPromises/issue8292.ts.snap

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+---
+source: crates/biome_js_analyze/tests/spec_tests.rs
+expression: issue8292.ts
+---
+# Input
+```ts
+/* should generate diagnostics */
+
+class AsyncClass {
+    async returnsPromise() {
+        return 'value';
+    }
+}
+
+class ShouldBeReported {
+    constructor(public field: AsyncClass) { }
+
+    async shouldBeReported() {
+        this.field.returnsPromise();
+    }
+}
+
+```
+
+# Diagnostics
+```
+issue8292.ts:13:9 lint/nursery/noFloatingPromises  FIXABLE  ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━
+
+  i A "floating" Promise was found, meaning it is not properly handled and could lead to ignored errors or unexpected behavior.
+  
+    12 │     async shouldBeReported() {
+  > 13 │         this.field.returnsPromise();
+       │         ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+    14 │     }
+    15 │ }
+  
+  i This happens when a Promise is not awaited, lacks a `.catch` or `.then` rejection handler, or is not explicitly ignored using the `void` operator.
+  
+  i Unsafe fix: Add await operator.
+  
+    13 │ ········await·this.field.returnsPromise();
+       │         ++++++                            
+
+```